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One of the main risk factors, when it comes to hikikomori, is the progressive
estrangement of the boy or girl from their group of peers. Often friends,
even long-time ones, get rejected in a seemingly unjustified way.
This
can be considered as the last step of the hikikomori, the major one and the one from which it
is more difficult to get back. Because loneliness begets loneliness, in a
vicious circle that slowly leads to chronicity.
A recent study conducted in Belgium and involving 730 adolescents supports that. Supporting this thesis is a recent study conducted in Belgium involving 730 adolescents. Two different scenarios were presented to participants:
- Social inclusion scenario: "A new sandwich shop is opening downtown. Some of your classmates are going there for lunch and have asked if you would like to join them."
- Social exclusion scenario: "You see a picture on Facebook of a class birthday that you weren't invited to."
Participants who were previously classified as "more lonely" experienced the situation of social exclusionworstthan others (showing high levels of anger, disappointment and jealousy), attributing this exclusion to their own personal characteristics (appearance, character, etc.).
Even more interesting, however, were the reactions of these young people in the
situation of social inclusion (i.e.,when they had been invited by their
friends). Well, even in this case the enthusiasm shown was very low, simply
because the invitation was seen asdue to chance or somehow linked to hidden
purposes.
Loneliness be gets loneliness
This seems to be a mental mechanism that is quite commonamong hikikomori, people who have a high opinion
of themselves, but tend to develop a strong distrust of others (due to character
traits, but also for having experienced negative situations, such as bullying).
Hence even
when they get spontaneously and sincerely invited, they tend to interpret those
invitations with suspicion, making thoughts like, "He just did it
because he felt obliged, he doesn't really care if I come along," or
"They just want to make fun of me."
In reference to this
loneliness-reinforcing mechanism, Weeks Molly, co-author of the study
and researcher in the Department of Psychology and Neuroscience at Duke
University, says:
“These
results show us that the loneliest adolescents seem to respond to social
situations in a way that perpetuates their loneliness. Future research should
investigate when and how temporary loneliness becomes chronic loneliness and
understand how interventions can be undertaken in order to prevent this from
happening.”
Her wish
is ours too.